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Megathrust earthquake
Megathrust earthquakes occur at subduction zones at destructive convergent plate boundaries, where one tectonic plate is forced underneath another. These interplate earthquakes are the planet's most powerful, with moment magnitudes () that can exceed 9.0. Since 1900, all earthquakes of magnitude 9.0 or greater have been megathrust earthquakes. No other type of known terrestrial source of tectonic activity has produced earthquakes of this scale.
==Terminology==
During the rupture, one side of the fault is pushed upwards relative to the other, and it is this type of movement that is known as thrust.〔(Tsunami Terms )〕 They are one type of dip-slip faults. A thrust fault is a reverse fault with a dip of 45° or less.〔(Earthquake Glossary - dip slip )〕 Oblique-slip faults have significant components of different slip styles. The term ''megathrust'' does not have a widely accepted rigorous definition, but is used to refer to an extremely large thrust fault, typically formed at the plate interface along a subduction zone such as the Sunda megathrust.〔(Geophysical literature search showing almost 200 papers with the word "megathrust" in the title ) ''University of Strasbourg''〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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